C/C++跨平台的的预编译宏-白红宇

C/C++跨平台的的预编译宏

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发布时间：2019-06-19

本文共 9908 字，大约阅读时间需要 33 分钟。

我们在编译一些跨平台的程序的时候难免会遇到_WIN32 __linux__什么之类的SDK或者编译器环境预定义的宏。有很多，之前还分不清_WIN32 和WIN32的区别。不过这里还好有个列表，做个备忘。

Please send updates/corrections to .

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	`_AIX`
Version	`_AIX'VR'`	V = Version R = Revision
Identification	`__TOS_AIX__`	Defined by xlC

Example

If _AIX is defined, then the following macros can be used to determine the version. Notice that the macros indicates the mentioned version or higher. For example, if _AIX43 is defined, then _AIX41 will also be defined.

AIX Version	Macro
3.2.x	`_AIX3` `_AIX32`
4.1	`_AIX41`
4.3	`_AIX43`

Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	`__ANDROID__`
Version	`__ANDROID_API__`	V	V = API Version Must be included from `<android/api-level.h>`

Notice that Android is based on Linux, and that the Linux macros also are defined for Android.

Example

Android Version	`__ANDROID_API__`
1.0	1
1.1	2
1.5	3
1.6	4
2.0	5
2.0.1	6
2.1	7
2.2	8
2.3	9
2.3.3	10
3.0	11

Type	Macro
Identification	`UTS`

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	`AMIGA`
Identification	`__amigaos__`	Defined by GNU C

Type	Macro
Identification	`aegis`

Type	Macro
Identification	`apollo`

Based on Nucleus OS.

Type	Macro
Identification	`__BEOS__`

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	`__bg__`	All Blue Gene systems Defined by XL C/C++ and GNU C
Version	`__bgq__`	Blue Gene/Q Defined for XL C/C++ and GNU C
Identification	`__THW_BLUEGENE__`	All Blue Gene systems Defined by XL C/C++
Version	`__TOS_BGQ__`	Blue Gene/Q Defined by XL C/C++

Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	`__FreeBSD__` `__NetBSD__` `__OpenBSD__` `__bsdi__` `__DragonFly__`
Version	`BSD`	YYYYMM	YYYY = Year MM = Month Must be included from `<sys/param.h>`
Version	`BSD4_2` `BSD4_3` `BSD4_4`		Must be included from `<sys/param.h>`
Identification	`_SYSTYPE_BSD`		Defined by DEC C

Example

Version	`BSD`	Macro
4.3 Net2	199103
4.4	199306	`BSD4_4`
4.4BSD-Lite2	199506

Type	Macro
Identification	`__bsdi__`

Type	Macro
Identification	`__convex__`

Type	Macro
Identification	`__CYGWIN__`

Type	Macro
Identification	`DGUX`
Identification	`__DGUX__`
Identification	`__dgux__`

Type	Macro
Identification	`__DragonFly__`

Type	Macro
Identification	`_SEQUENT_`
Identification	`sequent`

Type	Macro
Identification	`__ECOS`

Type	Macro
Identification	`__EMX__`

Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	`__FreeBSD__`
Identification	`__FreeBSD_kernel__`		From FreeBSD 8.3, 9.1, and 10.0.
Version	`BSD`
Version	`__FreeBSD__`	V	V = Version
Version	`__FreeBSD_version`	?	Must be included from `<osreldate.h>`

Example

FreeBSD	`__FreeBSD__`	`__FreeBSD_version`
1.x	1
2.0-RELEASE	2	119411
2.2-RELEASE	2	220000
3.0-RELEASE	3	300005
4.0-RELEASE	4	400017
4.5-RELEASE	4	450000

For more information see the .

GNU aka

The official name of this operating system is GNU. Hurd is the kernel in the GNU operating system. It is often listed as GNU/Hurd since there is also GNU/Linux and GNU/kFreeBSD, which are most of the GNU operating system with the Linux and FreeBSD kernels respectively.

Type	Macro
Identification	`__GNU__`
Identification	`__gnu_hurd__`

GNU/kFreeBSD is one of the Debian distros that is based on the FreeBSD kernel rather than the Linux or Hurd kernels.

Type	Macro
Identification	`__FreeBSD_kernel__` `&&` `__GLIBC__`

Notice that FreeBSD also defines __FreeBSD_kernel__ so the __GLIBC__ macro must be checked to distinguish it.

Type	Macro
Identification	`__gnu_linux__`

Type	Macro
Identification	`__hiuxmpp`

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	`_hpux`	Defined by HP UPC
Identification	`hpux`
Identification	`__hpux`

Type	Macro
Identification	`__OS400__`

Type	Macro
Identification	`__INTEGRITY`

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	`__INTERIX`	Defined by GNU C and Visual Studio

Type	Macro
Identification	`sgi`
Identification	`__sgi`

Systems based on the Linux kernel define these macros. There are two major Linux-based operating systems: and, and numerous others like or

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	`__linux__`
Identification	`linux`	Obsolete (not POSIX compliant)
Identification	`__linux`	Obsolete (not POSIX compliant)

Type	Macro
Identification	`__Lynx__`

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	`macintosh`	Mac OS 9
Identification	`Macintosh`	Mac OS 9
Identification	`__APPLE__` `&&` `__MACH__`	Mac OS X Defined by GNU C and Intel C++

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	`__OS9000`	Defined by Ultimate C/C++
Identification	`_OSK`	Defined by Ultimate C/C++

Type	Macro
Identification	`__minix`

Type	Macro
Identification	`__MORPHOS__`

Type	Macro
Identification	`mpeix`
Identification	`__mpexl`

Type	Macro
Identification	`MSDOS`
Identification	`__MSDOS__`
Identification	`_MSDOS`
Identification	`__DOS__`

Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	`__NetBSD__`
Version	`BSD`
Version	`NetBSD'V'_'R'`		V = Version R = Revision Must be included from `<sys/param.h>`
Version	`__NetBSD_Version__`	VVRRAAPP00	VV = Version RR = Revision AA = Release PP = Patch From NetBSD 1.2D (?) until NetBSD 2.0H Must be included from `<sys/param.h>`
Version	`__NetBSD_Version__`	VVRR00PP00	VV = Version RR = Revision PP = Patch From NetBSD 2.99.9 Must be included from `<sys/param.h>`

Example

NetBSD	`__NetBSD_Version__`	Macro
0.8		`NetBSD0_8`
0.9		`NetBSD0_9`
1.0		`NetBSD1_0` = 1
1.0A		`NetBSD1_0` = 2
1.2D	102040000
1.2.1	102000100

Type	Macro
Identification	`__TANDEM`

Type	Macro
Identification	`__nucleus__`

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	`__OpenBSD__`
Version	`BSD`
Version	`OpenBSD'V'_'R'`	V = Version R = Revision Must be included from `<sys/param.h>`

Example

OpenBSD	Macro
3.1	`OpenBSD3_1`
3.9	`OpenBSD3_9`

Type	Macro
Identification	`OS2`
Identification	`_OS2`
Identification	`__OS2__`
Identification	`__TOS_OS2__`

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	`__palmos__`	Defined by GNU C in

Type	Macro
Identification	`EPLAN9`

Type	Macro
Identification	`pyr`

Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	`__QNX__`		QNX 4.x
Identification	`__QNXNTO__`		QNX 6.x
Version	`_NTO_VERSION`	VRR	V = Version RR = Revision Only available when `__QNXNTO__` is defined. Must be included from `<sys/neutrino.h>`
Version	`BBNDK_VERSION_CURRENT`	VVRRRRPPPP	V = Version RRRR = Revision PPPP = Patch Only available on From Blackberry 10.1.0 Must be included from `<bbndk.h>`

Example

QNX	`_NTO_VERSION`
6.2	620

Type	Macro
Identification	`sinux`

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	`M_I386`	Defined by GNU C
Identification	`M_XENIX`	Defined by GNU C
Identification	`_SCO_DS`

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	`sun`
Identification	`__sun`
Version	`__'System'_'Version'`	System = `uname -s` Version = `uname -r` Any illegal character is replaced by an underscore. Defined by Sun Studio

Use the SVR4 macros to distinguish between Solaris and SunOS.

#if defined(sun) || defined(__sun)# if defined(__SVR4) || defined(__svr4__)/* Solaris */# else/* SunOS */# endif #endif

Example

Solaris	Macro
2.7	`__SunOS_5_7`
8	`__SunOS_5_8`

Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	`__VOS__`
Version	`__VOS__`	V	V = Version

Notice that the __VOS__ macro is defined by the compiler, but as several compilers can co-exist in the same OS release, the version number is not reliable.

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	`__sysv__`
Identification	`__SVR4`
Identification	`__svr4__`
Identification	`_SYSTYPE_SVR4`	Defined on IRIX

Type	Macro
Identification	`__SYLLABLE__`

Type	Macro
Identification	`__SYMBIAN32__`

Type	Macro
Identification	`__osf__`
Identification	`__osf`

Type	Macro
Identification	`ultrix`
Identification	`__ultrix`
Identification	`__ultrix__`
Identification	`unix` & `vax`

Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	`_UNICOS`
Version	`_UNICOS`	V	V = Version

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	`_CRAY` `__crayx1`

Type	Macro
Identification	`__unix__`
Identification	`__unix`

Notice that not all compilers defines these macros, e.g. the xlC or the DEC C/C++ compiler, so it may be better to use the POSIX or X/Open standard macros instead.

Type	Macro
Identification	`sco`
Identification	`_UNIXWARE7`

Type	Macro
Identification	`_UWIN`

Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	`VMS`
Identification	`__VMS`
Version	`__VMS_VER`	VVRREPPTT	VV = Version RR = Revision E = Edit number PP = Patch (01 = A, ... 26 = Z) TT = Type (22 = official)

Example

VMS	`__VMS_VER`
6.1	60100022
6.2	60200022
6.2-1I	60210922

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	`__VXWORKS__`	Defined by GNU C and Diab (from ?)
Identification	`__vxworks`	Defined by GNU C and Diab (from ?)
Version	`_WRS_VXWORKS_MAJOR`	Version Must be included from `<version.h>`
Version	`_WRS_VXWORKS_MINOR`	Revision Must be included from `<version.h>`
Version	`_WRS_VXWORKS_MAINT`	Patch/maintenance Must be included from `<version.h>`
Mode	`__RTP__`	For real-time mode
Mode	`_WRS_KERNEL`	For kernel mode

Example

VxWorks	`_WRS_VXWORKS_MAJOR`	`_WRS_VXWORKS_MINOR`	`_WRS_VXWORKS_MAINT`
6.2	6	2	0

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	`_WIN16`	Defined for 16-bit environments
Identification	`_WIN32`	Defined for both 32-bit and 64-bit environments
Identification	`_WIN64`	Defined for 64-bit environments
Identification	`__WIN32__`	Defined by Borland C++
Identification	`__TOS_WIN__`	Defined by xlC
Identification	`__WINDOWS__`	Defined by Watcom C/C++

Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	`_WIN32_WCE`		Defined by Embedded Visual Studio C++
Version	`_WIN32_WCE`	VRR	V = Version R = Revision
Identification	`WIN32_PLATFORM_'P'`		P = Platform
Version	`WIN32_PLATFORM_'P'`	V	P = Platform V = Version

Example

Version	`_WIN32_WCE`
2.01	201
2.11	211
3.0	300
4.0	400
4.1	410
4.2	420
5.0	501

Platform	Macro	Value
H/PC 2000	`WIN32_PLATFORM_HPC2000`
H/PC Pro 2.11	`WIN32_PLATFORM_HPCPRO`	211
H/PC Pro 3.0	`WIN32_PLATFORM_HPCPRO`	300
Pocket PC	`WIN32_PLATFORM_PSPC`	1
Pocket PC 2002	`WIN32_PLATFORM_PSPC`	310
Windows Mobile 2003	`WIN32_PLATFORM_PSPC`	400
Smartphone 2002	`WIN32_PLATFORM_WFSP`	100